India to increase export of ornamental fish

Article From infofish.org (11/2/2010)

India’s first export-oriented ornamental fish park recently started its operation near Kochi on a 10 acre land, which has been conceived to transform the country’s role in aquaculture industry. Despite being blessed with rich resources, export of ornamental fish is still relatively small. India has a mere share of 0.01% in the global market of ornamental fish, which is estimated to be worth around US$6 billion.
To increase ornamental fish export, the government of Kerala came up with a unique project called ‘Aqua Technology Park’ which incorporated various stakeholders on a public-private partnership and also involved hundreds of locals in setting up homestead aquariums for earning their livelihood. The government has also formed a company Kerala Aqua Ventures International Ltd. (KAVIL) with public-private participation to establish this park, which would provide the stakeholders a unique opportunity for investment and trade in the sector.
The first of its kind concept in India to popularize the aquaculture industry, the project would not only generate employment, but would also help in maintaining a socio-economic status of the local people.
Authorities said that while the main units will have common facilities such as water, electricity, laboratory and quarantine facilities, the satellite farms will be the major production centres, where much of the ornamental fish will be reared and propagated. At present Indian ornamental fishes are exported to the US, Europe, Russia and Japan and the company has already procured orders from France, Italy, Korea and Hong Kong. With this endeavour, the authorities hope to capture a 10% share in the world market within a period of seven to eight years.

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Petang td tergerak hati nak layari laman web infofish yang dh lama xlawat..ada byk dh perubahan kat website tu..byk berita2 terkini yang berlaku kat seluruh dunia yang menceritakan perihal industri perikanan dan akuakultur ni..insyaAllah..saya akan cuba utk mengambil beberapa artikel dari semasa ke semasa dan memberi ulasan pro n kontra..mudh2n kita semua dapat berkongsi pelbagai maklumat dan ilmu darinya..

sebagai yang pertama, saya tertarik utk berkongsi artikel di atas yang menceritakan bagaimana India memajukan industri akuakultur ikan hiasan yang berjaya menembusi pasaran antarabangsa..

Kerala sangat dikenali warga tempatan sebagai salah satu destinasi yang terkenal dengan produk perikanan main di India. berdasarkan kaliber tersebut, Kerala dipilih sebagai lokasi utk dibangunkan sebuah pusat teknologi akua (ATP) yang berasaskan penglibatan orang awam dan syarikat swasta. dengan penubuhan dan perlantikan sebuah syarikat, KAVIL, telah membuka peluang pelaburan dan perniagaan yang unik kepada mereka yang berminat.

objektif penubuhan ATP ini dengan menyediakan fasiliti lengkap bagi pengusaha dan syarikat yang berminat utk terlibat dalam perusahaan ikan hiasan ini yang akan memberi peluang pemasaran yang diiktiraf dengan misi utk mencapai tahap pengeluaran 10% pasaran dunia menjelang 2015. projek ini mampu utk menjana peluang pekerjaan sehingga 10ribu jawatan yang pelbagai dan tukaran wang asing sehingga rs 300 craore.

program sebegini membuka satu lagi peluang bukan sahaja kepada masyarakat utk terlibat secara aktif malah meletakkan India sebagai salah satu kuasa pengeluar dalam industri akuakultur ini..perkara sebegini harus kita lihat secara positif dimana Malaysia telah lama bertapak dan pernah tergolong antara pengeluar utama dunia. walaubagaimanapun, perkembangan perikanan negara tidak banyak meningkat berbanding negara jiran seperti indonesia, filipina, thailand dan vietnam yang meningkat dengan begitu pesat malah mencipta kepelbagaian baik dari segi teknologi, sistem ternakan, pemakanan ternakan dan pelbagai lagi cara semata-mata untuk meningkatkan produktiviti mereka ke tahap maksimum..

untuk berjaya tidak mudah..bukan sahaja dlam bidang akuakultur ini..malah setiap pekerjaan yang baik itu ada ujian disebaliknya utk menentukan pengusahanya benar2 berjaya..malah, kejayaan yang datang dari titik peluh sendiri, usaha yang berterusan, perancangan yang baik, dan dgn niat yang ikhlas pasti akan membawa kita kepada kejayaan..perniagaan adalah cabang terbesar bagi pintu rezki..negara kita juga penuh dgn sumber yang boleh kita ceburi..industri akuakultur perlu berkembang dan membuka peluang kepada kita semua untuk terjun ke bidang ini..

Malaysian fish is not banned anymore

Agence France-Presse - 3/18/2009 8:50 AM GMT

EU inspectors clear Malaysian frozen seafood: official

European Union inspectors have given the green light to Malaysian frozen seafood, 10 months after exports were suspended over health issues, an EU official said Wednesday.

However, all EU member nations will have to agree to the report by the body's Food and Veterinary Office (FVO) before exports can resume, the official told AFP.

Malaysian seafood exports to the EU were banned in June after an inspection raised health concerns.

The Star daily said that EU experts have approved frozen seafood products from five Malaysian companies and four farms following a visit earlier this month and that they will now inspect live sea catches.

"It looks good but it is not official and will not be official for some weeks," the EU official said on condition of anonymity.

"Technically, it has not been approved yet as there is a chance that the recommendations of the experts and inspectors could be overturned," he said.

"The EU now has to review the report and present it and its recommendations to the member states, and only when they agree will it be approved. This could take up to six weeks."

Malaysia's Health Minister Liow Tiong Lai told the Star his ministry would try to help expedite the process.

"I am happy the FVO has cleared all the doubts and has readmitted Malaysia into the EU import list," he reportedly said.

Malaysia's frozen seafood exports to the EU are worth about 600 million ringgit (164 million US dollars) annually, the paper reported.

hurm..artikel kurang enak utk kita baca

Agence France-Presse - 3/16/2009 4:34 AM GMT

Malaysian Islamic court allows woman to revert to Buddhism

A Malaysian Islamic court on Monday upheld an unusual decision allowing an ethnic Chinese woman to revert to her Buddhist faith, saying her conversion to Islam had never been valid.

Apostasy, or renouncing the faith, is one of the gravest sins in Islam and a highly sensitive issue in Malaysia where Islamic sharia courts have rarely allowed people to abandon the religion.

Siti Fatimah Tan Abdullah, a 39-year-old originally named Tan Ean Huang, said she had never practised Islamic teachings since she converted in 1998 and only did so to enable her to marry her Iranian husband.

The couple married in 2004 and she filed for renunciation after her husband left her, winning approval from a religious court last year in a decision appealed by the Islamic Religious Council in Penang state.

Penang's Sharia Appeal Court on Monday said Tan could revert to Buddhism, but only because her conversion was not valid and done only for the sake of marriage.

"She has been living a non-Islamic lifestyle and praying to deities and this clearly shows she never embraced Islam," said Ibrahim Lembut, one of a three-member panel of judges.

"The question of conversion does not arise because she never intended to become a Muslim in the first place."

Tan welcomed the decision.

"I am very happy that this is finally over. It has been a long struggle," she told reporters outside the court.

The Penang Islamic Religious Council also endorsed the ruling, which it said confirmed the status quo in Malaysia, where religious courts operate in parallel to civil courts.

"The original decision gave the impression that one could simply convert out of Islam. So now it is clear this is not the case," its lawyer Ahmad Munawar Abdul Aziz told reporters.

"In this case, the court has made it clear that this was a unique case where her conversion itself was invalid," he added. "So this removes the fear among the Muslim community that conversions may be subject to review."

Islam is Malaysia's official religion and more than 60 percent of the nation's 27 million people are Muslim Malays.

The country is also home to large ethnic Chinese and Indian communities who have complained of growing "Islamisation" that is undermining their rights.

Water Quality Management For Aquaculture

Water sources is vital factors in aquaculture environment because the best water quality will results in high production yield with low rate of aquaculture problems. Proper culture management will ensure that the hatchery is free of disease. Disease can cause mass mortalities to the culture stocks at all stages. And as the reason, the disease outbreak will mainly from the water itself which is contaminated from where it initially comes or from any material used as well as from the surrounding air at the hatchery. The disease also can spread from contaminated feed for the stock consumption.

The hatchery infrastructure must be design appropriately and must allow cleaning and disinfecting activities to be carry out. The incoming water should be treated and disinfected through chlorination and filtration before it can be distributed to any different working areas at the hatchery. Distribution of water should also be designed to avoid any cross contamination. The water pipes, as well as the air lines, should also be set-up to allow overall cleaning and disinfecting and allow the disinfecting solution to be pumped in inside those structures and easily to complete the process during dry-outs session.

The most common primary filter in the hatchery is the sub-sand wells, which is used to filter raw seawater entering the hatchery. They are the favourable primary filter and they helps a lot in limiting fouling organisms, pathogen hosts, red tides and pathogens in which direct system is lacking. Next, the sea water must to pass through sedimentation process to remove any suspended solids especially any sediment substances.

The water is then to be chlorinated using hypochlorite solution (sodium or calcium) for 10ppm active ingredient for not less than 30 minutes. Chlorination is important in the water treatment to stun and kill any pathogens present inside the existing water. The next water treatment is through ozonation, UV light before the water is kept in the reservoir. The water in the reservoir must be checked to ensure there is no chlorine residuals remain inside the holding water. The chlorine test can be conducted using ortho-toluidine, 3 drops for 5mL of water sample. The water sample will turn into yellowish colour to indicate that the water still contains chlorine substance.

To deplete any chlorine substances left inside the water in the reservoir, sodium thiosulphate can be added at the same amount of total chlorine residue in the water (1ppm thisulphate to 1ppm chlorine). Before the water can be transfer to the reservoir, EDTA or any chelating agents should be applied to chelate any heavy metals which might present inside the water. The quantities of the EDTA is depends on the concentration of heavy metals present. For spawning and hatching tanks, extra EDTA is required at up to 20-40ppm to ensure that there are totally free of heavy metals and Treflan at 0.05-0.1ppm is applied to kill any fungi presences inside the water.

The water temperature for all tanks in the hatchery should come into consideration, as each area needs their own specific temperature to maintain their optimum growth and sustainability. Boiler, heater or any heat exchange system is required to increase the water temperature while a chiller system will help to decrease the water temperature. All these equipment must be installed just before the water from reservoir enters into the respective tanks. Each hatchery unit have different needs of water temperature. This is also applied for the size of the filtration used to filter the incoming water to the tanks.

The recommended standard sizes filtration and favourable temperature for each working area is referred as stated;

Working Area	Filter Size (mm)	Temperature (˚C)
Maturation Tank	15	28-29
Spawning Tank	0.5-1.0	29-32
Hatchery Tank	5	28-32
Algae Culture (indoor/pure)	0.5	18-24

Recommended standard mesh size of water filter and water temperature for each working area.

For hatchery with the re-circulating water system, cross-contamination can easily occurred between tanks and between every working area. To prevent this to happen, separate re-circulating system should be used for each area which required this system. This system is the most efficient system for broodstock maturation tank as they reduce the need for water replacement and residual water discharge. Re-circulation system helps to maintain stable physical and chemical parameters in the water. Besides, it also helps in concentrating mating hormones in maturations, as well as provides better biosecurity.

If the re-circulating system is employed, additional biological filters are required for each area of the hatchery as they are able to remove any dissolved organic materials found inside the water. There are many types of biological filters apply at the hatchery, where all filters are incorporate with living materials such as the denitrifying bacteria that must be cultivated prior to use, they are also require periodic cleaning in a way that does not kill the beneficial bacteria inhabitants.

For conclusion of the water quality management, it is important that all incoming water, tanks and materials must be cleaned, treated and disinfected before they can be distributed or used. Besides, all pipes and lines installed at the hatchery must be design to avoid any cross-contamination from occurred. Temperature and salinity most be control respectively to each area. The rules also applied to the filtration system. All of these methods must be accomplished to ensure optimum conditions are met at all time.

Fish Health Management Final Exam

minggu depan aku akan menghadapi exam akhir utk paper fish health management. tarikh blum confirm lagi, sma ada ahad, isnin atau selasa ni. subjek yg agak tough utk aku score semester ni..tp insyaAllah..dengan masa yg ada ni, aku akan lengkapkan diri sebaik-baiknya, mudah-mudahan aku berjaya macam yang aku peroleh semester lepas. nway, aku cuba gunakan kesempatan yg ada dgn menulis sedikit sebanyak overview of the course subject.

well, the course is about learning the disease which usually occurs either to the cultured fishes or to the wild fishes. earlier, fishes can be separated into many types or forms which usually came from the fish itself (teleosts or elasmobranch), crustaceans (shrimps and crabs), bivalves (clams, cockles, etc) and many other aquatic life (vertebrates or invertebrates).

diseases among the fishes especially among the cultured fishes is one of the main factor to affect the aquaculture sector of the entire world as they are known as the substantial source of monetary loss to aquaculturist. however, disease can be avoided if the fish health management with the best management practices (bmp) is applied at the aquaculture farms. BMP is the key of preventing any fish disease to outbreak. once the fishes are sick, it is difficult to salvage them.

Fish Health Management
successfulnes of the fish health management is measured by the proverbs of prevention is better than cure. preventing disease from outbreak is important rather than the treatment given to the sick fish. prevention of disease in the farm can be done by having good water quality, good nutrition, good sanitation and regular/daily observation of fish behavior and feeding activity of the fishes. disease among the fishes occurs by many pathogenic factors such as infections of bacteria, virus, parasites, protozoans, myxozoans as well as stressful condition due to many non-infectious factors (abiotic factors). many conditions is recognized as the medium of the disease outbreak; suboptimal water quality, poor nutrition and immune system supression.

medication treatment to cure any disease occurred acts as buying time for the fish and enabling them to overcome opportunistic infections. usually medication only success if implemented at the early stage of infections, where the fish is still in good shape. fish disease cause huge monetary loss to aquaculturist from the increased of production to cover the dead fish, cost of treatment, and if there are fish which survived, decreased growth of the fish during convolescence. high stocking density leads to the increases of stress among the cultured fish which increase the infectious of fish disease.

disease has strong relationship of pathogens, fish hosts and the environmental conditions for them to outbreak. the sickness among fishes is obvious sign when there are dead fish or dying fish. however, it is good if the observation can be done earlier as early as the fish is considered sick. fish is considered sick if they are not feeding normally and show lethargic motion. the sick fish might also hanging listlessly at shallow water, gasping at the surface and rubbing against any substrate. severe infection also shown by the presence of sores, ragged fins and any abnormal body shapes or structure of the fishes.

when the disease is detected, firstly, we need to check the water quality. low of oxygen and high ammonia content cause stress condition which lead to bacteria disease. generally, the DO, ammonia nitrite and ph level is the major physico-chemical water parameter to be checked. ideally, record keeping should be available because it can be the immediate references whenever the fish disease is occur. it will help to solve any fish disease problem. the record data should includes the date of the stocking fish, size of the stocking fish, source of fish, feeding rate, growth rate, daily mortality and water quality readings.

there are two major group of disease among the fishes which can be divided into infectious disease and non-infectious disease. infectious disease caused by pathogenic organisms found in the environment or carried by the other fishes. they are contagious diseases and can be controlled by some treatment. in contrast, non-infectious disease caused by environmental problems, nutritional deficiencies or genetic anomalies. they are not contagious, and usually cannot be cured through medication treatment.

however, fish disease outbreaks are often complex, involving both infectious and non-infectious processes. there are many public laboratories and institutional available to diagnose the fish disease. which can assist us in any problems regarding of the fish health. well, that is all i can wrote. it is not a complete but only the introduction of the course overview. there are still be more information to be discuss but i am too tired to wrote now. hope to continue again later..good nite..daaa